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Agriculture and Food Systems
Climate-Smart Agriculture M&E
Results frameworks and independent verification for climate-smart agriculture programmes, so counties and partners can prove adoption, yield and resilience gains.
- Sector
- Agriculture and Food Systems
- Typical timeline
- 10 to 16 weeks
- Delivery
- Onsite or virtual
- Deliverables
- 6
The problem
Climate-smart agriculture is now a condition of public and donor finance. The Climate Change Act, 2016 requires counties to mainstream the National Climate Change Action Plan into their integrated development plans and sectoral plans and to report progress to the county assembly every year. The National Agricultural Value Chain Development Project, which builds on the completed Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project, finances climate-resilient value chains and climate-smart investments in participating counties, and its results must be evidenced.
Many programmes still count trainings and inputs rather than changes in practice, yield and resilience, and few verify what they report. Results that cannot be verified weaken the case for the next allocation. In 2023 we designed the M&E system for Machakos County Government's climate-resilient agriculture programme, tracking adoption of climate-smart practices, yield per hectare against baseline and the competency of trained farmers, verified through three independent lines of evidence.
Policy anchors
- Climate Change Act, 2016
- National Agricultural Value Chain Development Project
- Kenya Climate Smart Agriculture Project
- Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy 2019-2029
How we work
Theory of change and results framework
We set out how each intervention is expected to change practice, productivity and resilience, and translate that into a results framework aligned with the CIDP and financier requirements.
Indicators and baselines
We define outcome indicators such as practice adoption and yield per hectare with clear measurement rules, and establish baselines where none exist.
Verification design
We build verification on independent lines of evidence, combining field visits, remote sensing and programme records, so that every reported result can be checked.
Data systems and reporting
We design data flows, tools and dashboards that fit county capacity and feed the annual climate reporting the Climate Change Act, 2016 requires.
Capacity and handover
We train county and programme staff to run the system and conduct the first verification round alongside them.
- Theory of change and results framework
- Indicator reference sheets with baselines
- Verification protocol combining field, remote sensing and records evidence
- Data collection tools and dashboard specification
- First verification report
- Training for county and programme staff
County departments of agriculture and climate change, national programme coordination units and development partners financing climate-smart agriculture.
Questions clients ask
What did the Machakos system measure?
It tracked adoption of climate-smart practices, changes in crop yield per hectare against baseline and the competency of trained farmers. Results were verified through field visits, remote sensing and training records, giving the county three independent lines of evidence.
Can you verify an existing programme rather than design a new system?
Yes. We review the existing results framework, test its indicators and run an independent verification round on reported results. Where gaps appear, we recommend targeted fixes rather than a rebuild.
Does this link to county climate reporting?
It should. The Climate Change Act, 2016 requires counties to mainstream climate action in their plans and report progress annually, and a sound agriculture results framework supplies much of that evidence.